Essay about Human Genome Project We Are All One Race

Whether you’re at basketball game or in the mall, you can see that people vary in size, skin color, and appearances. But did you know that no matter how different we all are as humans; we are just a single race. The variations that we see in everyday life are just physical differences but genetically humans are the same and â€Å"race† is term that has been used to distinguish human because of those physical differences. You may be wondering how one person from Canada and one person from Africa the same race, but it has been proven through the HGP (Human Genome Project). This project was led by scientist from all walks of the earth in order to try to understand and map the genetic structure of humans. They found that the term â€Å"race† is a false†¦show more content†¦So in order to distinguish between groups they need a polymorphism that is located in all members of a group but missing in all members of another group. But humans have mixed too much for the differences to be present. Some polymorphisms have different frequencies and that is how they can roughly determine in which group a person belongs. They use a specific class of polymorphism that contains the Alus. Alus are pieces of DNA that are identical to one another. When an Alu infuses itself it will continue to stay there for generations, and it keeps getting transferred from one person to their offspring. So if they find two people with the Alu in the same location of each of their genome than it is certain that they have to be descendents from a common ancestor who also has the Alu in that same location in their DNA. There was an experiment held at the University of Utah, with a group of scientist, which used the 565 people and extracted 100 different Alus from each person. Their experiment concluded that they had 4 different groups of people. With this they discovered their country of origin and realized that to determine these they only needed about 60 Alus to have 9 0 percent accuracy. Some test concluded that some populations have experienced so much genetic influences that they cannot be placed into a specific group because of their genetic makeup. Human Genome Project The HGP was begun in 1990 this was possible through funding by differentShow MoreRelatedThe Human Genome Project?1023 Words   |  5 Pages The Human Genome Project Today we are learning the language in which God created life . . . humankind is on the verge of gaining immense new power to heal. Genome science will have a real impact on all our lives, and even more on the lives of our children. It will revolutionise the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of most, if not all, human diseases. - Bill Clinton, June 2002. The Human Genome Project came into existence in the late 1980 s asRead MoreThe Human Genome Project : How They Impact Human Society916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Human Genome Project is possibly the most important project in the world. Several companies and governments are involved with this project. The project has many goals but the main general goal is: to construct a detailed genetic and physical map of the human Genome, to determine the complete nucleotide sequence of human DNA, to localize the estimated 50,000-100,000 genes within the human Genome, and to perform similar analyses on the Genomes of several other organisms used extensively in researchRead MoreEssay on The Human Genome Project1579 Words   |  7 Pages Does the Human Genome Project effect the moral standards of society? Can the information produced by it become a beneficial asset or a moral evil? For example, X chromosome markers can be used to identify ethnicity. A seemingly harmless collection of information fr om the Human Genome Project. But lets assume this information is used to explore ways to deny entry into countries, determine social class, or who gets preferential treatment. Whether or not this type of treatment is acceptable to a moralRead MoreGenetics Effect on Medicine in the 21st Century Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pagesin the human body and controls the production of different proteins. DNA can be thought of as the brain of every cell, it governs the operation of the bodys cells and so determines whether the individual has good health or is ill. It is for this reason that the study of DNA generates such excitement in medical research, and offers such hope for the future identification and treatment of disease. Many would argue that the mapping of the human genome is one of the Read MoreRace And The Human Genome Project788 Words   |  4 PagesRace, such a subjective matter that most classify solely on observable traits based on traditional race concepts. However race exists in humans through cultural and biological concepts. In other words, race is based on its scientific meaning, which is taken from its visual and genetic signs of human variety. â€Å"After all it is an idea with a measurable past, identifiable present, and uncertain future†. St. A SHORT HISTORY OF THE RACE CONCEPT Michael Yudell, PhD, MPH. Through observing the human genomeRead More Altering Human Genome Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesAltering Human Genome â€Å"The gene pool could use a little chlorine.† -Bumper Sticker â€Å"Consider God’s handiwork; who can straighten what He hath made crooked?† -Ecclesiastes 7:13, from Gattaca â€Å"I not only think that we will tamper with Mother Nature. I think Mother wants us to.† -Willard Gaylin, from Gattaca With the scientific breakthroughs of the recent decades the humans have become more powerful than ever in their mastery of Nature. The genetic engineering that allows extractingRead MoreThe Controversy Of Eugenics And Genetic Engineering1632 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, mankind has sought to understand itself. We question why we exist and what our role in the universe is, even though we may never receive an answer. One of these problems that humanity has yet to fully understand is evolution, which is the process of a species undergoing changes that suit their environment through multiple generations. However, in the last 150 years, humanity has made great strides in the science of genetics. In that time, there have been some subjects that haveRead MoreEvolution And Development Within Our Society1256 Words   |  6 PagesDesigned Humanity You cannot tell which one is which, as they all look to be average. But then you see the identical ones, the ones with technology infused artificial joints, or the ones whom poses a slight fluorescent skin. And by the time you notice it, they are everywhere and you are the only true â€Å"human† left. As time reaches further, we find ourselves living in the new age of technology, political rivalries, and weapons of mass destruction that are no longer radical cartoonists ideas from theRead MoreCrusp Case Study1432 Words   |  6 Pagescorrelate them with the genomes of certain bacteriophage. Following a more thorough investigation, he was able to confirm his hypothesis, and determine that the system was a function of the bacterial immune response. An unusual protein was located in the CRISPR locus by Alexander Bolotin in 2005, this protein was suspected to take part in nuclease activity. Following this new lead, scientists decided to focus their investigation on integrating th e CRISPR system into human genome editing. Following CRISPR’sRead MoreGenetic Testing And The Human Genome Project1357 Words   |  6 Pages The Human Genome Project introduces a significant scientific finding to the world, but raises a lot of controversies. Many controversies related to the Human Genome Project are issues concerning the application of this new scientific finding and its ethicality. Genetic information from a project that once has an aim to map the human genome in hope for curing diseases are now being used in businesses. It shouldn’t be permissible for employers to require that all employees, as well as potential employees

Examples Of The Grandfather Paradox - 1168 Words

The Grandfather Paradox: This essay will argue that the Grandfather Paradox makes it unlikely that time travel will ever be attainable. The premises of this argument are: If time travel to the past was possible you could kill your grandfather (before he conceived children) It is impossible for you to kill your grandfather before he conceived children (Because you wouldn’t exist to try and do so) Therefore time travel to the past is unlikely to ever be possible. 1 This argument refers to the contradictions that arise from the act of changing the past. For example: Your grandfather conceived children, this event has already occurred and caused your existence, therefore it is impossible for you to kill him before he conceived children†¦show more content†¦It specifically addresses part 1b. This is a well documented principle developed by a Russian Physicist named Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov. The theory is that anything a time traveler does, has already become part of history, the time traveler is meant to travel to the past. This argument relies heavily on the theory of Closed Timelike Curves (CTC). which were envisaged by Willem Jacob van Stockum in 1937, and developed by Mathematician Kurt Godel (1949). In a CTC the wordline (the history of the timeline, past and present) of an object or person describes a curved, looping path. The loop curves back on itself and arrives back at the present in the same place. â€Å"In other words, a closed timelike curve is the mathematical result of physics equations that allows for time travel.†2 This theory allows for the possibility of traveling to the past and changing some, but not all, events. A key factor in the theory of CTC’s is the idea that following the curve doesn’t change anything, it loops back on itself and becomes the original timeline, so the changes that occurred in the past have always been that way. Only self consistent events can occur. For example: John wants to kill his younger self three years in the past. He travels to the past, meets his earlier self, and shoots. But instead of of killing his younger self he shoots himself in the shoulder. This is the way things have always been, Jack has had aShow MoreRelatedHumans and the Ability to Dream?1002 Words   |  4 Pagesmany physicists cover in their lifetime. Their thoughts on it, however, sometimes seem rather juvenile. For example, Stephen Hawking once argued that time travel cannot be possible, or is at least limited, because there are no tourists from the future. In retaliation, Carl Sagan said that future tourists could just be pretending to be actual residents of our time period. Though these examples don’t seem extremely scientific, there are possibilities that exist that could be the key to time travel. Read MoreThe Value of Time Travel Essay663 Words   |  3 Pagesphilosophical, there are also paradox theories about time travel. One paradox theory is the grandfather paradox. The grandfather paradox means that if someone can go back in time and kill their grandfather, would they still be alive or they will disappear. If someone kills their grandfather, then their mom or dad won’t ever be alive which results of that person never being born. This means the person will disappear. In another example is what happens if someone kills their grandfather after the mom was bornRead MoreAdvantages Of Time Travel1640 Words   |  7 Pagesand that time traveling in the future is much easier and more likely to happen. One theory that comes into play when it comes to time travel is the special theory of relativity. It is â€Å"special† because it only applies to certain situations. An example of those situations is when two observers are traveling in a straight line while not accelerating, meaning that they are in inertial frames. One feature of the special theory of relativity is time dilation which is one of the ways we can explain timeRead MoreWhat If Time Travel Is Possible?959 Words   |  4 Pagesidea is that if you step on a butterfly in the past, it could dramatically change the future. When talking about time travel, the meaning of this statement is that anything could change the future and it may be different when you get back. For example, in the movie Back to the Future, Marty McFly has a friend named Doc Brown. Doc finds a way to make a time machine out of a delorean car and Marty travels back to 1955 where he meets his parents at his age. Because of one small accident, his motherRead MoreSummary : Time Travel Paradox2138 Words   |  9 PagesTIME TRAVEL PARADOX A paradox is a proposition that leads to a conclusion that seems somewhat senseless or logically unacceptable despite apparently sounding reasonable from acceptable premises. The statement may also seemingly sound self-contradictory or even absurd but when investigated or explained may prove to be genuine and quite well founded. Some paradoxes may be considered invaluable arguments but still play a significant role in promoting critical thinking. Paradoxes have led to the revelationRead MoreTime Travel: Wormholes and Ideas on Traveling Forwards and Backwards1656 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing shot, because the effect occurs before the cause. This creates a paradox, which is the exact reason why time travel into the past is just not possible. Things cannot make themselves impossible. When something makes itself impossible, it is called a paradox. If we travelled back in time more years that we are old, the effect would occur before the cause, making the effect and the cause both impossible. The Mad Scientist Paradox occurs when a scientist sees himself in the past and shoots his selfRead MoreCan There Be Time Travel Without Paradox? Essay2418 Words   |  10 PagesCan there be time travel without paradox? Time travel has long been a fascination of the science fiction genre, with many of the great stories concerning time travel being centred around the philosophical issues of the paradoxes seemingly caused by just the possibility of time travel, namely that of bootstrap and grandfather paradoxes. A question that is often bandied about is whether or not time travel is possible, now unless those questioning are physicists attempting to warp space-time back uponRead MoreTime Travel Is Not Only Possible? Essay2401 Words   |  10 Pagesseemingly caused by just the possibility of time travel, namely that of bootstrap and grandfather paradoxes. A question that is often bandied about is whether or not time travel is possible, now unless those questioning are physicists attempting to warp space-time back upon its self-using long equations and ‘Tardis like machines, what is, in fact, being asked by the average person is can there be time travel without paradox? I will attempt to answer this question, with the use of the most notable and pressingRead MoreThe House of the Spirits and Kiss of the Spiderwoman Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter Alba displays subversive tendencies around her progression into adulthood. For example, Alba joins the revolution at age 18, mostly because â€Å"she wanted to talk about love† with Miguel. She also wants to assist the revolution because she believes that some of the practices that exist are unfair. However, Alba still wants her grandfather, Esteban, to have some sort of power within the government. The paradox within this scenario lies in the fact that Alba wants to belong to the proletariat causeRead MoreBlack Holes: Forces of Gravity Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesDensity, the compactness of an object, is a better way of describing a black hole because the way we think of size has no meaning here. You could also talk about its mass, or the sheer amount of material inside of it, but that is hard to quantify. For example, a black hole the size of an atom may contain all of the masses of our greatest mountains, but you can imagine something like that must be very dense. Either way, there are two common models for what a black hole could look like. If a black hole is

My Favorite Hobby free essay sample

Wind blowing into my face, my eyes where after few seconds the tears come out and I am speeding and crying but this are not the tears of sadness but the tears of joy. Stop. Here I am in the most beautiful place in the world, surrounded by mountains covered in snow. Sun is shining, even though it’s minus ten but I haven’t even noticed because I’m too happy. I have the feeling of being on top of the world and that there’s nothing that can stop me. It’s great to have a passion that makes you feel like this. I’m lucky to have one. During the time that most of people like to spend drinking warm tea and reading a novel, I’m cruising through snow, both my legs strapped to a wide plank of wood and fiberglass, practicing sport known as snowboarding. Writing this essay helped me to realize that I haven’t chosen this hobby by a coincidence. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favorite Hobby or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Both of the characteristics of this sport changed the world history. Events like the French revolution of 1789 or the uprising in the Jewish ghetto in Warsaw in 1943, would not have happened if people hadn’t had courage and belief in freedom. Courage. Many people who know me well say, that I have courage. I come from a family of entrepreneurs. I was raised in this spirit by my entrepreneurial parents who had big respect for hard work. I learned that hard work will always be rewarded. I helped in my family’s business, since I turned 14 and I learned the pros and cons of having your own business. Even though the disadvantages seemed big to me at that time, as an only child I knew that I would run the business one day. By the time I turned 18, I was fully at peace with this idea. It’s hard to imagine how big my shock was when one year later my father got a brain cancer and passed away and a year later our self-built family company. The shock was big and lasted long but I knew one thing I had no plan and I needed one. I put myself together and made a new plan studying, developing myself, investing in what my father used to say â€Å"nobody will ever be able to take away from you† which is knowledge. Where I am today, doing what I do is the result of that experience and my patience, persistence and hard work. Freedom. During an exchange programme for students, we played a game in which each of us had to choose 3 words representing our values. Surprisingly I had no problem to choose the number one â€Å"freedom†. I found that amazing to discover, that freedom was more important to me than things like â€Å"family†, which was the number two, â€Å"love†, not to mention â€Å"career† or â€Å"development†. Even today I know that only through â€Å"freedom† can I achieve all the other values that are important to me. It organizes my priorities and my moral system. It’s the freedom of my own choices and the freedom of always standing for what I believe in. Moreover, it is also about honesty and respect to other people, which are my personal code of conduct. And when necessary it is the freedom to give up some of our freedom out of love and respect for others. Courage and all the notions of freedom described above are helping me to be successful in business. I am always a promoter of honesty and transparency in the workplace, as well a big supporter of the sustainable development agenda. What makes it different but not less exiting than my sport activities, is the fact that I don’t have to do it in minus ten degrees Celsius†¦

Lpool Essay Example

Lpool Essay Liverpools post-Second World War decline took its toll on Toxteth. Increasing unemployment in the city, lack of government action, institutionalised racism within the police force and general poverty led to the 1981 Toxteth riots, for which the area is probably most famous. and crime Liverpools post-Second World War decline took its toll on Toxteth. Increasing unemployment in the city, lack of government action, institutionalised racism within the police force and general poverty led to the 1981 Toxteth riots, for which the area is probably most famous. Immigration to Toxteth took place from the 1950s to the present day, mostly from Africa and the Caribbean with relatively few from the Indian sub-continent. July 1981 saw the riots, in which dozens of young males caused a great deal of damage and many injuries. Poverty, unemployment, racial tension, racism from the local white population and hostility towards the police were largely blamed for the disturbances, which were among the worst scenes of unrest seen during peacetime in Britain at that time. Hundreds of people were injured, one man was killed by a police Land Rover, and countless buildings and vehicles were damaged. [4] Crime rates in Toxteth have been high for many years. As well as racial and civil unrest, vehicle crime has also blighted Toxteth. The highest-profile instance of vehicle crime in Toxteth came on 30 October 1991, when two children (nine-year-old Daniel Davies and 12-year-old Adele Thompson) were killed by a speeding Mazda sports car driven by 18-year-old joyrider Christopher Lewin on Granby Street. We will write a custom essay sample on Lpool specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lpool specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lpool specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Adele died at the scene, and Daniel from his injuries a week later. Lewin was found guilty on a double manslaughter charge at Liverpool Crown Court on 24 September 1992 and sentenced to seven and a half years in prison, as well as being banned from driving for seven years. At the end of his trial, relatives and friends of the two victims pelted him with missiles and threatened to attack him. Five of them were ejected from the court. [5]